Abstract:
Man has always been curious about his surroundings. The inquisitive, imaginative human mind tried to understand the strange and astonishing phenomena of nature in various ways. One of the methods that has remained intact since the beginning is to carefully look at the surrounding living world and the physical world and accordingly try to find meaningful patterns and relationships, create new tools to deal with nature and use it. Science is the human effort to move towards developing a theoretical framework for understanding.
Understanding science requires careful observation, searching for regularities and patterns, formulating concepts, creating mathematical structures and then drawing conclusions from them, conducting controlled experiments and arriving at rules that govern the physical world.
In science, observation is made only on the basis of some theory or phenomenon. Whereas experiments in class are inspired by teaching or textbook. Students either follow what is said or see it being put into action. They are also told which observations should be paid attention to and also what conclusions will emerge after the said observations. For experiment-based science learning to be effective, teachers and students must have the space and time to plan experiments, discuss ideas, and record and analyze observations.
The concepts that students form or the picture that they have about natural phenomena are completely different from what is presented in the textbook or by the teacher in the classroom. Their own beliefs cannot be rejected outright because they have their own logic behind those beliefs.
