000			02956nam a22002057a 4500
005			20240117160744.0
008			240116b ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
022			_a0021-9584
100			_aBuenaflor, Jeffrey Paz
245			_aSynthesis and Characterization of Biobased Lactose Hydrogels: A Teaching Experiment on Sustainable Polymers and Waste Biomass Valorization _b(Journal Article)
260			_aWashington DC _b: American Chemical Society _c, 2023
300			_a3981–3990p.
440			_aJournal of Chemical Society _v, Volume 100: Number 10, October 2023
505			_a***______{For Hard Copy, Please visit Library.}________***
520			_aAbstract: Hydrogels are soft water-rich materials with physical properties that can be easily tuned by modifying their network structure. For instance, increasing or decreasing the cross-linking density has a profound effect on their water absorption capabilities and mechanical strength. These physical changes are showcased in a new experiment for organic chemistry and polymer science teaching laboratories based on the practical green synthesis and characterization of lactose methacrylate derived hydrogels. Lactose, a disaccharide derived from dairy waste byproducts, is functionalized with photoreactive methacrylate groups using methacrylic anhydride. The resulting mixture is subsequently photoirradiated to generate a cross-linked hydrogel. Structure–property relationships are assessed through comparative studies of three hydrogels of varying compositions. Compression tests and swelling studies in different aqueous environments offer a guided-inquiry experience. Students determine a relationship between cross-linking density and the physical properties of the hydrogels. This experiment highlights the valorization of biomass and multiple green chemistry principles including use of renewable feedstocks, atom economy, energy efficiency, waste prevention, and water as a benign solvent. Learning outcomes for an organic chemistry laboratory course include introduction to disaccharide and cross-linked polymer structures, observable physical change dependency with cross-linking density, and laboratory methods for evaluating water absorption capacities. Objectives aligned with a polymer course are incorporating mechanical compression instrumentation, mechanistic understanding of light-induced free radical polymerizations, and an appreciation for the application of hydrogels to commercial products. Overall, the translation of a current literature publication to an inexpensive and versatile experiment engages students in a modern example of sustainable polymer chemistry.
650			_aLaboratory Instruction| Organic Chemistry| Polymer Chemistry| Carbohydrates| Green Chemistry| Materials Science| Polymerization
700			_aHillmyer, Marc A. | Wentzel, Michael T. | Wissinger, Jane E.
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.3c00195
942			_cPER
999			_c45344 _d45343