000			01844nam a22002057a 4500
005			20231108120933.0
008			231108b ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
022			_a0006-8101
100			_aEdson-Chaves, Bruno
245			_aThe Ligule in Poaceae _b: a Historical and Evolutionary Review (Journal Article)
260			_aNew York _b:Springer Science _c,2022
300			_a19-58p.
440			_aThe Botanical Review _v, Volume 89: Number 1, March 2023
505			_a ***______{For Hard Copy, Please visit Library.}________***
520			_aAbstract: Ligules are classified, predominantly, on their position and morphology, which are still without a consensus as to their nature and diversity in an evolutionary context in Poaceae. Based on a broad review of this structure, we have identified five hypotheses for the definition of ligules, originating between the years 1800 and 1834; some of these hypotheses are still valid today. Our results also demonstrate that 95.28% of the family representatives have homoligulate ventral ligules and 1.75% have heteroligulate ventral ligules, with Panicoideae being the subfamily with the greatest morphological diversity of ligules. Dorsal and culm leaf ligules occur mainly in Puelioideae and Bambusoideae (except in Olyreae), and may occasionally occur in Pooideae, Panicoideae and Chloridoideae. Although homoligulate and ciliate ventral ligules are ancestral states in the Poaceae, several reversals occurred within the subfamilies so that the eciliate membrane type is more common (especially in the BOP clade).
650			_aAncestral State Reconstruction| Gramineae| Leaf Base| Monocotyledons| Vegetative Morphology
700			_aM. da Silva, Otávio Luis | Clark, Lynn G. | Melo-de-Pinna, Gladys Flávia de A.
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-022-09285-3
942			_cPER
999			_c44810 _d44809