01821nam a22002417a 450000500170000000800410001702200140005803700200007208200120009210000310010424501040013526000720023930000170031149000980032850500630042652009440048965000270143365000220146065000210148265000230150365000140152685600390154020231109105756.0231106b           ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d  a0031-921X  bRIEBPL Library   a530.071  aGustavo A. Mendes et al...  a Instantaneous Measurement of the Speed of Sound in Air and Water Using Arduino b(Journal Article)  aWashington , DCbAmerican Association of Physics TeacherscMay 2023  a394–395 p.  a American Association of Physics Teachers ,American Institute of Physics, Volume 61, Number 5  a***______{For Hard Copy, Please visit Library.}________***  aAbstract-

Although schools commonly teach that sound waves propagate faster in solids than in liquids and in liquids than in gases, there is no low-cost activity that allows students to investigate if this statement is true or not. Indeed, some existing techniques simply allow them to identify the speed of sound in air and its temperature dependence.1–3 

In this work, we present a simple and low-cost experimental apparatus that allows the determination of the speed of sound in air and water. Arduino is a controller board that requires little user experience and that has been widely used in numerous teaching activities. In robotics, the open source electronic platform Arduino associated with an HC-SR04 sensor4 has commonly been used to obtain the distance between a sensor and an obstacle, allowing the study of movement.5 It can also measure the total time between ultrasonic wave propagation emission and reflection. This...  aAcoustical properties,  a Speed of sound,   aAcoustic waves,   aMechanical waves,   aEducation  u https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0118245